Which component is part of the barrier function of the skin?

The acid mantle is a crucial component of the skin's barrier function. It is a thin film of fatty acids and lactic acid on the skin's surface, which plays a vital role in maintaining the skin's pH balance and protecting against harmful microorganisms and environmental pollutants. This protective layer is instrumental in preventing excessive water loss from the skin, thereby preserving hydration and overall skin integrity.

The stratum corneum, while also part of the barrier, primarily acts as the outermost layer of the skin, consisting of dead skin cells that provide a physical barrier to pathogens and environmental irritants. The dermis, located beneath the epidermis, contains connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands, contributing to skin resilience and support but not directly to the acid mantle's protective and pH-balancing role. The subcutaneous layer, or hypodermis, serves to insulate the body and attach the skin to underlying tissues, but it does not play a direct role in the skin's surface barrier function.

Understanding the distinct roles of these components underscores the importance of the acid mantle in maintaining skin health and protecting against infection and moisture loss.